This thesis examines the role of women in one of the few German resistance groups against National Socialism with one third of women (out of 300 people), the Internationaler Sozialistischer Kampfbund (ISK). This party was created in 1926 after having split from the social democratic party (SPD) and led by the pedagogue Minna Specht and the journalist Willi Eichler. The issues at stake in this study are the paths and ideas of women as well as gender relations within the party. Although the thesis focuses on the period of resistance in the Third Reich (1933-1939) and in exile (1939-1945) in France, Denmark and Great Britain, it will take into account the periods that preceded and succeeded it, from the Weimar Republic (1926-1933) to the Federal Republic (1945-1950). The aim is to analyze the impact that the different categories of femininity and masculinity have had on ISK women across contexts, societies and scales. We will question the room for maneuver and the power relations in their political commitments and in their resistance activities. The tools of gender studies will be used to enrich the concept of resistance, but also to question the articulation between socialism and feminism, or to adopt an intersectional perspective in order to better understand the identity of these women, oppressed in turn for their political ideas, their gender and for some of them their Jewish origins. Furthermore, it will analyze the awareness that women have of sexist domination: do their actions reproduce gender norms or do they seek to free themselves from them? We will rely primarily on the prolific journalistic activities of the members between 1926 and 1947 (newspapers, leaflets, bulletins), as well as on meeting reports and correspondence.